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LayerOne no.large

Tampa

Benchmark complete
Finished Oct 18, 2026
Geekbench 7 single-core
968
Geekbench 7 multi-core
4,932
Disk 4K IOPS
119,291
fio random read and write, 50/50
Monthly price at test time
$80.00
62 multi-core points per dollar
Same price today

Server

  • Provider
    LayerOne
  • Plan
    no.large
  • Location
    Tampa
  • vCPU
    6
  • RAM
    16 GB
  • Storage
    320 GB NVMe
  • Network
    10 Gbps
  • OS image
    Ubuntu 24.04
  • Trigger
    Scheduled
  • Queued at
    Oct 18, 2026, 04:54:00 UTC
Visit LayerOne

CPU

Version Single-core Multi-core
Geekbench 7 968 4,932 Geekbench Browser

Scores from different Geekbench versions aren't comparable with each other. Charts only use Geekbench 7.

Geekbench 7 workloads

Workload Single-core Multi-core
File Compression
1,046
165th of 241
3,290
48th of 166
Navigation
1,247
134th of 241
Single-core only
HTML5 Browser
800
197th of 241
Single-core only
PDF Viewer
1,049
168th of 241
Single-core only
Photo Library
778
177th of 241
4,503
33rd of 166
Clang
866
185th of 241
6,019
25th of 166
Text Processing
814
191st of 241
4,687
30th of 166
Asset Compression
1,137
143rd of 241
6,916
25th of 166
HDR
934
150th of 241
3,802
35th of 166
Photo Editor
1,104
144th of 241
5,437
21st of 166
Ray Tracer
860
194th of 241
5,861
30th of 166
Structure from Motion
1,115
162nd of 241
Single-core only
Game Physics
964
172nd of 241
Single-core only
Video Encoder
890
174th of 241
Single-core only
Audio Encoder
1,036
164th of 241
Single-core only
Video Player
985
161st of 241
Single-core only

Rank among the 241 runs with Geekbench 7 workload scores. Bars are relative to the best run. Geekbench doesn't run every workload multi-core, so some rows only have a single-core score.

Memory, TLS and scheduler

Memory bandwidth (STREAM)

Test Result Runs Spread
Copy higher is better 57.1 GB/s 3 1.22%
Scale higher is better 47.6 GB/s 3 1.66%
Add higher is better 54.1 GB/s 3 2.21%
Triad higher is better 55.8 GB/s 3 1.76%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

TLS and crypto (OpenSSL)

Test Result Runs Spread
RSA 4096 signs higher is better 1,366/s 3 2.72%
RSA 4096 verifies higher is better 87,775/s 3 5.32%
SHA-256 higher is better 1.55 GB/s 3 3.22%
AES-256-GCM higher is better 21 GB/s 3 4.61%
ChaCha20-Poly1305 higher is better 13.2 GB/s 3 1.66%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

Scheduler latency (schbench)

Test Result Runs Spread
Request latency, median lower is better 3.9 ms 3 0.314%
Requests per second, 90th percentile higher is better 1,473/s 3 0.565%
Request latency, 99.9th percentile lower is better 11.3 ms 3 1.42%
Requests per second, average higher is better 1,439/s 3 1.03%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

Disk

Block size Read Write Total
4K 232.7 MB/s (59,567 IOPS) 233.3 MB/s (59,724 IOPS) 466 MB/s (119,291 IOPS)
64K 2.03 GB/s (33,213 IOPS) 2.04 GB/s (33,388 IOPS) 4.07 GB/s (66,601 IOPS)
512K 3.52 GB/s (7,202 IOPS) 3.7 GB/s (7,584 IOPS) 7.22 GB/s (14,786 IOPS)
1M 3.83 GB/s (3,916 IOPS) 4.08 GB/s (4,177 IOPS) 7.91 GB/s (8,093 IOPS)

fio random read and write, 50/50, run by YABS against the boot disk.

Network

IPv4 transfer speed

Loading...
Target Protocol Send Receive
Clouvider, London, UK (10G) IPv4 728 Mbps 1.33 Gbps
Eranium, Amsterdam, NL (100G) IPv4 1.43 Gbps 1.07 Gbps
Leaseweb, Singapore, SG (10G) IPv4 busy 595 Mbps
Clouvider, Los Angeles, CA, US (10G) IPv4 1.87 Gbps 1.2 Gbps
Leaseweb, NYC, NY, US (10G) IPv4 133 Mbps 4.48 Gbps

Public iperf3 servers vary in capacity and availability. Compare a target only with itself over time.

Datastores

PostgreSQL

fsync speed (pg_test_fsync)

Method Operations per second Time per operation
One 8 kB write
open_datasync 2,395 0.417 ms
fdatasync 1,701 0.588 ms
fsync 660 1.52 ms
fsync_writethrough Not supported here n/a
open_sync 700 1.43 ms
Two 8 kB writes
open_datasync 1,207 0.828 ms
fdatasync 1,635 0.612 ms
fsync 673 1.49 ms
fsync_writethrough Not supported here n/a
open_sync 432 2.31 ms
open_sync at different write sizes
1 * 16kB open_sync write 790 1.27 ms
2 * 8kB open_sync writes 393 2.54 ms
4 * 4kB open_sync writes 188 5.31 ms
8 * 2kB open_sync writes 98.9 10.1 ms
16 * 1kB open_sync writes 45.4 22 ms
fsync on a non-write descriptor
write, fsync, close 712 1.41 ms
write, close, fsync 710 1.41 ms
Non-synced 8 kB writes
write 583,089 0.002 ms

pg_test_fsync against the Docker volume Postgres keeps its data on. fdatasync is Linux's default wal_sync_method.

pgbench at scale 10

Workload Clients Transactions/s Median p95 p99 p99.9 Failed
Read/write (TPC-B like) 1 813 1.12 ms 1.86 ms 2.19 ms 3.71 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 8 4,542 1.52 ms 3.16 ms 4.67 ms 9.74 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 32 6,529 3.35 ms 13.8 ms 23.8 ms 50.5 ms 0
Read only 1 15,700 0.056 ms 0.107 ms 0.157 ms 0.293 ms 0
Read only 8 129,352 0.046 ms 0.13 ms 0.168 ms 0.235 ms 0
Read only 32 118,651 0.24 ms 0.429 ms 0.539 ms 0.791 ms 0

Scale 10 (1,000,000 accounts), loaded in 1.9 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

pgbench at scale 100

Workload Clients Transactions/s Median p95 p99 p99.9 Failed
Read/write (TPC-B like) 1 756 1.21 ms 2.01 ms 2.49 ms 4.34 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 8 4,294 1.79 ms 2.87 ms 4.83 ms 9.13 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 32 7,543 3.85 ms 7.32 ms 10.5 ms 17.4 ms 0
Read only 1 10,950 0.082 ms 0.156 ms 0.222 ms 0.369 ms 0
Read only 8 100,310 0.059 ms 0.165 ms 0.217 ms 0.349 ms 0
Read only 32 86,552 0.339 ms 0.56 ms 0.709 ms 1.3 ms 0

Scale 100 (10,000,000 accounts), loaded in 18.4 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

MySQL

sysbench OLTP

Workload Threads Transactions/s Queries/s Median p95 p99 Errors
Read/write 1 175 3,499 5.18 ms 8.43 ms 13 ms 0
Read/write 8 1,251 25,023 5.88 ms 10.3 ms 15.3 ms 0
Read/write 32 1,804 36,074 17 ms 29.2 ms 37.6 ms 0
Read only 1 649 10,385 1.42 ms 2.39 ms 3.43 ms 0
Read only 8 4,803 76,853 1.27 ms 2.97 ms 3.62 ms 0
Read only 32 4,366 69,862 7.17 ms 10.1 ms 12.1 ms 0

10 tables of 100,000 rows, loaded in 5.7 s. 60 s per run, one connection per thread.

Redis

memtier

Mix Operations/s Hits/s Median p99 p99.9
1:10 set:get 64,536 58,669 0.951 ms 1.97 ms 2.61 ms
1:1 set:get 64,408 32,204 0.951 ms 1.94 ms 2.54 ms

1,000,000 keys of 32 bytes. 64 connections over 4 threads, 60 s per ratio.

Web frameworks

Framework Fortunes req/s Single query req/s JSON req/s Fortunes p99 at 256 connections
Next.js nextjs 1,352 5,250 7,136 328 ms
Express express-postgresjs 19,908 26,873 88,569 27 ms
Fastify fastify-postgres 19,228 28,353 100,077 27.8 ms
NestJS nestjs 10,730 12,242 48,819 44.2 ms
Nuxt nuxt 17,118 25,379 79,876 47 ms
FastAPI fastapi 9,252 11,561 46,473 143 ms
Django django-postgresql 4,752 5,025 12,592 123 ms
Rails rails 6,767 9,190 36,652 57 ms
Laravel laravel 1,882 1,954 3,479 157 ms
Symfony symfony 2,471 2,636 7,141 117 ms

Peak requests per second across the 64 and 256 connection levels, measured with wrk. Each test has to pass the TechEmpower response checks first, or it's marked invalid.

Web apps

WooCommerce

Page mix

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
8 virtual users
Home page 6.01 244 ms 399 ms 475 ms 0%
Shop page 6.01 325 ms 490 ms 571 ms 0%
Category page 6.01 218 ms 411 ms 536 ms 0%
Product page 6.01 241 ms 358 ms 454 ms 0%
Product search 6.01 188 ms 320 ms 392 ms 0%
32 virtual users
Home page 5.73 1.09 s 1.41 s 1.53 s 0%
Shop page 5.73 1.41 s 1.84 s 2.07 s 0%
Category page 5.73 979 ms 1.49 s 1.65 s 0%
Product page 5.73 1 s 1.32 s 1.51 s 0%
Product search 5.73 911 ms 1.16 s 1.3 s 0%

Cart and checkout

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
8 virtual users
Add to cart 11.4 263 ms 368 ms 415 ms 0%
Cart 11.4 224 ms 326 ms 380 ms 0%
Checkout 11.4 180 ms 263 ms 313 ms 0%
32 virtual users
Add to cart 10.5 1.15 s 1.58 s 1.78 s 0%
Cart 10.5 983 ms 1.35 s 1.48 s 0%
Checkout 10.5 811 ms 1.13 s 1.26 s 0%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 61 to 63 s per level. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200.

Discourse

Signed in

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Topic page 1.56 273 ms 358 ms 526 ms 0%
Topic JSON 0.789 130 ms 192 ms 287 ms 0%
Home page 0.789 246 ms 588 ms 667 ms 0%
Categories page 0.394 276 ms 366 ms 366 ms 0%
User activity page 0.394 166 ms 273 ms 308 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Topic page 6.88 250 ms 470 ms 631 ms 0%
Topic JSON 3.44 126 ms 165 ms 195 ms 0%
Home page 3.42 224 ms 326 ms 582 ms 0%
Categories page 1.73 264 ms 325 ms 560 ms 0%
User activity page 1.73 154 ms 321 ms 434 ms 0%
16 virtual users
Topic page 10.1 652 ms 863 ms 1.16 s 0%
Topic JSON 5.06 482 ms 646 ms 822 ms 0%
Home page 5.06 599 ms 832 ms 1.09 s 0%
Categories page 2.51 654 ms 829 ms 1.06 s 0%
User activity page 2.52 533 ms 670 ms 927 ms 0%

Anonymous

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
16 virtual users
Topic page 199 20.2 ms 39.7 ms 60.1 ms 0%
Topic JSON 99.6 18.8 ms 36.8 ms 55.7 ms 0%
Home page 99.6 20.5 ms 39 ms 58.4 ms 0%
Categories page 49.8 20 ms 40.1 ms 61.3 ms 0%
User activity page 49.8 112 ms 169 ms 298 ms 0%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 60 to 61 s per level, after a 21 s warmup. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200. Discourse ran with 8 app workers and 4096 MB of Postgres shared buffers, what its installer picks for a 16 GB box. Its installer adds no swap on a box this big. The container peaked at 2,720 MB.

Ghost

Readers

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Home page 6.43 43.9 ms 54.3 ms 60.6 ms 0%
Post page 16 23.2 ms 32.2 ms 38.1 ms 0%
Tag page 3.21 30 ms 38.2 ms 42.2 ms 0%
Author page 3.21 30.4 ms 38.6 ms 40.8 ms 0%
RSS feed 3.2 32.7 ms 42 ms 45.5 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Home page 8.9 117 ms 153 ms 168 ms 0%
Post page 22.2 80.1 ms 113 ms 130 ms 0%
Tag page 4.46 78.2 ms 110 ms 124 ms 0%
Author page 4.46 81.7 ms 104 ms 118 ms 0%
RSS feed 4.44 85.4 ms 113 ms 127 ms 0%
16 virtual users
Home page 8.86 463 ms 545 ms 578 ms 0%
Post page 22.2 378 ms 457 ms 493 ms 0%
Tag page 4.41 255 ms 310 ms 347 ms 0%
Author page 4.43 254 ms 313 ms 338 ms 0%
RSS feed 4.4 262 ms 333 ms 365 ms 0%

Staff in Ghost Admin

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Post list 3.37 42.4 ms 53.5 ms 58.8 ms 0%
Post editor 10.1 16.6 ms 24.1 ms 29 ms 0%
Saving a draft 10.1 45 ms 56.6 ms 64.9 ms 0%
Member list 3.38 49.3 ms 61.4 ms 74.8 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Post list 4.95 54.8 ms 66.6 ms 69.8 ms 0%
Post editor 14.9 26 ms 35.2 ms 39.9 ms 0%
Saving a draft 14.9 204 ms 248 ms 272 ms 0%
Member list 4.98 59.8 ms 74 ms 83.2 ms 0%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 60 s per level, after a 20 s warmup. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200. Ghost ran the way its ghost-docker setup runs it: one Node process, and MySQL with its stock 128 MB buffer pool. Memory peaked with Ghost at 520 MB and MySQL at 625 MB.

Wagtail

Visitors

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Home page 1.15 107 ms 131 ms 138 ms 0%
Blog index 1.13 371 ms 456 ms 496 ms 0%
Blog post 3.41 40.4 ms 55.1 ms 62.8 ms 0%
Bread page 3.41 43.5 ms 55.8 ms 61.3 ms 0%
Location page 1.13 41.6 ms 53.5 ms 61.4 ms 0%
Site search 1.13 71.3 ms 110 ms 118 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Home page 1.89 293 ms 499 ms 607 ms 0%
Blog index 1.92 1.01 s 2.11 s 2.27 s 0%
Blog post 5.7 64.2 ms 152 ms 217 ms 0%
Bread page 5.72 68.7 ms 151 ms 181 ms 0%
Location page 1.92 67.7 ms 148 ms 194 ms 0%
Site search 1.91 115 ms 312 ms 399 ms 0%
16 virtual users
Home page 3.21 558 ms 750 ms 885 ms 0%
Blog index 3.28 1.54 s 1.87 s 2.06 s 0%
Blog post 9.61 318 ms 529 ms 761 ms 0%
Bread page 9.66 318 ms 539 ms 697 ms 0%
Location page 3.23 304 ms 515 ms 774 ms 0%
Site search 3.23 363 ms 587 ms 866 ms 0%

Editors in the Wagtail admin

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
1 virtual user
Admin dashboard 0.525 116 ms 139 ms 148 ms 0%
Page explorer 1.08 413 ms 519 ms 574 ms 0%
Page editor 1.61 202 ms 255 ms 354 ms 0%
Image library 0.541 82.2 ms 108 ms 862 ms 0%
Admin page search 0.525 48.7 ms 99.6 ms 115 ms 0%
4 virtual users
Admin dashboard 0.662 506 ms 944 ms 1.06 s 0%
Page explorer 1.34 1.06 s 4.12 s 4.43 s 0%
Page editor 2.02 605 ms 1.25 s 1.38 s 0%
Image library 0.678 342 ms 894 ms 1.02 s 0%
Admin page search 0.662 131 ms 446 ms 556 ms 0%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 60 to 62 s per level, after a 20 s warmup. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200. Wagtail ran the way bakerydemo ships it: uWSGI with 2 workers of 4 threads each, whatever the box, and Postgres and Redis on stock settings. Memory peaked with Wagtail at 295 MB, Postgres at 148 MB, and Redis at 8 MB.

Advertised vs. measured

Advertised Measured
vCPU 6 6
CPU Shared vCPU 0.2% of busy CPU time stolen
RAM 16 GB 15.6 GiB
Storage 320 GB NVMe 314.8 GiB
Architecture x86_64 x86_64
Virtualization KVM KVM

Guests usually report slightly less RAM and disk than advertised because of kernel reservations and filesystem overhead.

Detected hardware

CPU model
Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6150 CPU @ 2.70GHz
CPU cores
6
CPU frequency
2694 MHz
AES-NI
Yes
VM-x/AMD-V
Yes
RAM reported
15.6 GiB
Swap reported
2 GiB
Disk reported
314.8 GiB
Virtualization reported
KVM
CPU steal
0.2% of busy CPU time stolen
Distro
Ubuntu 24.04.5 LTS
Kernel
6.8.0-139-generic
Architecture
x86_64
IPv4 reachable
Yes
IPv6 reachable
No

Advertised at test time

Plan
no.large
Product line
Network Optimized
Location
Tampa
vCPU
6 shared vCPU
Architecture
x86_64
RAM
16 GB
Storage
320 GB NVMe
Virtualization
KVM
Network
10 Gbps
Transfer
30 TB
Port 25
Unknown
Monthly price at test time
$80.00
Hourly price at test time
$0.11
YABS version
v2026-09-20
Ran at
Oct 18, 2026, 04:57:03 UTC
Parser version
5

Run timeline

Queued
Oct 18, 2026, 04:54:00 UTC
Server created
Oct 18, 2026, 04:54:55 UTC
First update from the server
Oct 18, 2026, 04:54:55 UTC
Completed
Oct 18, 2026, 07:25:00 UTC
Server deleted
Oct 18, 2026, 07:25:00 UTC
Cost of this run
$0.28
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