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UpCloud Premium 1 vCPU / 1 GB

Frankfurt #1

Benchmark complete
Finished Oct 9, 2026
Geekbench 7 single-core
Skipped
Geekbench 7 multi-core
Skipped
Disk 4K IOPS
29,509
fio random read and write, 50/50
Monthly price at test time
€6.00 EUR
Same price today

Server

  • Provider
    UpCloud
  • Plan
    Premium 1 vCPU / 1 GB
  • Location
    Frankfurt #1
  • vCPU
    1
  • RAM
    1 GB
  • Storage
    25 GB NVMe
  • Network
    Unknown
  • OS image
    01000000-0000-4000-8000-000030240200
  • Trigger
    Scheduled
  • Queued at
    Oct 9, 2026, 15:10:00 UTC
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Latest runs of this plan

Full history of this plan

CPU

Geekbench was skipped because this plan has less than 2 GB of RAM, which isn't enough for Geekbench 7 to run without swap.

Memory, TLS and scheduler

Memory bandwidth (STREAM)

Test Result Runs Spread
Copy higher is better 51.4 GB/s 3 2%
Scale higher is better 43.7 GB/s 3 4.32%
Add higher is better 46.7 GB/s 3 2.77%
Triad higher is better 46.3 GB/s 3 0.874%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

TLS and crypto (OpenSSL)

Test Result Runs Spread
RSA 4096 signs higher is better 868/s 3 0.728%
RSA 4096 verifies higher is better 23,577/s 3 0.955%
SHA-256 higher is better 1.3 GB/s 3 1.14%
AES-256-GCM higher is better 22.1 GB/s 3 0.89%
ChaCha20-Poly1305 higher is better 5.83 GB/s 3 0.414%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

Scheduler latency (schbench)

Test Result Runs Spread
Request latency, median lower is better 2.79 ms 3 0.439%
Requests per second, 90th percentile higher is better 359/s 3 0%
Request latency, 99.9th percentile lower is better 5.01 ms 3 3.87%
Requests per second, average higher is better 347/s 3 1.1%

Average of 3 runs. Spread is the standard deviation as a share of the average.

Disk

Block size Read Write Total
4K 57.6 MB/s (14,739 IOPS) 57.7 MB/s (14,770 IOPS) 115.3 MB/s (29,509 IOPS)
64K 398.9 MB/s (6,381 IOPS) 401 MB/s (6,415 IOPS) 799.8 MB/s (12,796 IOPS)
512K 382 MB/s (764 IOPS) 402.3 MB/s (804 IOPS) 784.4 MB/s (1,568 IOPS)
1M 378.9 MB/s (378 IOPS) 404.1 MB/s (404 IOPS) 783 MB/s (782 IOPS)

fio random read and write, 50/50, run by YABS against the boot disk.

Network

IPv4 transfer speed

Loading...
Target Protocol Send Receive
Clouvider, London, UK (10G) IPv4 1.06 Gbps 1.06 Gbps
Eranium, Amsterdam, NL (100G) IPv4 1.07 Gbps 1.07 Gbps
Leaseweb, Singapore, SG (10G) IPv4 948 Mbps 856 Mbps
Clouvider, Los Angeles, CA, US (10G) IPv4 932 Mbps 963 Mbps
Leaseweb, NYC, NY, US (10G) IPv4 1.01 Gbps 998 Mbps

Public iperf3 servers vary in capacity and availability. Compare a target only with itself over time.

Datastores

PostgreSQL

fsync speed (pg_test_fsync)

Method Operations per second Time per operation
One 8 kB write
open_datasync 7,954 0.126 ms
fdatasync 8,028 0.125 ms
fsync 6,474 0.154 ms
fsync_writethrough Not supported here n/a
open_sync 6,119 0.163 ms
Two 8 kB writes
open_datasync 3,550 0.282 ms
fdatasync 5,641 0.177 ms
fsync 4,447 0.225 ms
fsync_writethrough Not supported here n/a
open_sync 2,537 0.394 ms
open_sync at different write sizes
1 * 16kB open_sync write 4,500 0.222 ms
2 * 8kB open_sync writes 2,488 0.402 ms
4 * 4kB open_sync writes 1,246 0.803 ms
8 * 2kB open_sync writes 647 1.54 ms
16 * 1kB open_sync writes 336 2.98 ms
fsync on a non-write descriptor
write, fsync, close 5,122 0.195 ms
write, close, fsync 5,473 0.183 ms
Non-synced 8 kB writes
write 3,011,333 0 ms

pg_test_fsync against the Docker volume Postgres keeps its data on. fdatasync is Linux's default wal_sync_method.

pgbench at scale 10

Workload Clients Transactions/s Median p95 p99 p99.9 Failed
Read/write (TPC-B like) 1 3,514 0.249 ms 0.423 ms 0.623 ms 2.32 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 8 7,494 0.876 ms 1.93 ms 3.35 ms 23.1 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 32 6,152 3.65 ms 13.8 ms 28.6 ms 61.8 ms 0
Read only 1 92,004 0.01 ms 0.015 ms 0.022 ms 0.048 ms 0
Read only 8 79,513 0.087 ms 0.166 ms 0.213 ms 0.382 ms 0
Read only 32 76,771 0.363 ms 0.483 ms 0.542 ms 1.26 ms 0

Scale 10 (1,000,000 accounts), loaded in 1.29 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

pgbench at scale 100

Workload Clients Transactions/s Median p95 p99 p99.9 Failed
Read/write (TPC-B like) 1 1,895 0.458 ms 0.743 ms 1.78 ms 4.68 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 8 5,149 1.18 ms 2.89 ms 5.41 ms 54.3 ms 0
Read/write (TPC-B like) 32 5,536 4.66 ms 9.59 ms 34.1 ms 72.1 ms 0
Read only 1 7,784 0.117 ms 0.221 ms 0.512 ms 1.49 ms 0
Read only 8 28,411 0.244 ms 0.461 ms 1.15 ms 3.99 ms 0
Read only 32 30,127 0.813 ms 1.72 ms 2.62 ms 17.6 ms 0

Scale 100 (10,000,000 accounts), loaded in 14.4 s. 60 s per run, prepared statements. Latency comes from sampled transaction logs, and p99.9 is left out when fewer than 1,000 were sampled.

MySQL

sysbench OLTP

Workload Threads Transactions/s Queries/s Median p95 p99 Errors
Read/write 1 577 11,546 1.44 ms 2.71 ms 6.1 ms 0
Read/write 8 1,139 22,773 6.1 ms 10.8 ms 30.8 ms 0
Read/write 32 1,007 20,134 26.7 ms 60 ms 94.1 ms 0
Read only 1 3,108 49,735 0.296 ms 0.456 ms 0.642 ms 0
Read only 8 2,697 43,144 2.86 ms 3.96 ms 4.74 ms 0
Read only 32 2,240 35,847 13.7 ms 19.3 ms 24.4 ms 0

10 tables of 100,000 rows, loaded in 8.3 s. 60 s per run, one connection per thread.

Redis

memtier

Mix Operations/s Hits/s Median p99 p99.9
1:10 set:get 124,007 112,733 0.527 ms 0.807 ms 1.75 ms
1:1 set:get 124,458 62,229 0.519 ms 0.823 ms 1.74 ms

1,000,000 keys of 32 bytes. 64 connections over 1 thread, 60 s per ratio.

Web frameworks

Framework Fortunes req/s Single query req/s JSON req/s Fortunes p99 at 256 connections
Next.js The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Express The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Fastify The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
NestJS The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Nuxt The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
FastAPI The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Django The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Rails The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Laravel The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.
Symfony The results arrived but couldn't be read, so no numbers are shown.

WooCommerce

Page mix

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
8 virtual users
Home page 1.95 771 ms 897 ms 938 ms 0%
Shop page 1.95 979 ms 1.12 s 1.19 s 0%
Category page 1.95 852 ms 1.02 s 1.05 s 0%
Product page 1.95 751 ms 864 ms 908 ms 0%
Product search 1.95 701 ms 791 ms 818 ms 0%
32 virtual users
Home page 2 2.86 s 3.17 s 3.23 s 0%
Shop page 2 3.63 s 4.3 s 4.59 s 0%
Category page 2 3.51 s 4.37 s 4.57 s 0%
Product page 2 2.98 s 3.15 s 3.27 s 0%
Product search 2 2.87 s 3.35 s 3.39 s 0%

Cart and checkout

Step Requests/s Median p95 p99 Error rate
8 virtual users
Add to cart 3.76 726 ms 945 ms 1.07 s 0%
Cart 3.76 767 ms 924 ms 1 s 0%
Checkout 3.76 599 ms 741 ms 820 ms 0%
32 virtual users
Add to cart 4.08 2.58 s 3.14 s 3.22 s 0%
Cart 4.08 2.87 s 3.13 s 3.19 s 0%
Checkout 4.08 2.29 s 2.91 s 3.13 s 0%

k6 with a fixed number of virtual users, 61 to 64 s per level. The error rate counts responses that weren't a 200.

Advertised vs. measured

Advertised Measured
vCPU 1 1
CPU Shared vCPU 1.1% of busy CPU time stolen
RAM 1 GB 848 MiB
Storage 25 GB NVMe 24.5 GiB
Architecture x86_64 x86_64
Virtualization KVM KVM

Guests usually report slightly less RAM and disk than advertised because of kernel reservations and filesystem overhead.

Detected hardware

CPU model
AMD EPYC 9575F 64-Core Processor
CPU cores
1
CPU frequency
3295 MHz
AES-NI
Yes
VM-x/AMD-V
No
RAM reported
848 MiB
Swap reported
0 MiB
Disk reported
24.5 GiB
Virtualization reported
KVM
CPU steal
1.1% of busy CPU time stolen
Distro
Ubuntu 24.04.4 LTS
Kernel
6.8.0-137-generic
Architecture
x86_64
IPv4 reachable
Yes
IPv6 reachable
Yes

Advertised at test time

Plan
Premium 1 vCPU / 1 GB
Product line
Premium
Location
Frankfurt #1
vCPU
1 shared vCPU
Architecture
x86_64
RAM
1 GB
Storage
25 GB NVMe
Virtualization
KVM
Network
Unknown
Transfer
512 GB
Port 25
Unknown
Monthly price at test time
€6.00 EUR
Hourly price at test time
€0.0089 EUR
YABS version
v2026-09-20
Ran at
Oct 9, 2026, 15:13:01 UTC
Parser version
5

Run timeline

Queued
Oct 9, 2026, 15:10:00 UTC
Server created
Oct 9, 2026, 15:12:05 UTC
First update from the server
Oct 9, 2026, 15:12:05 UTC
Completed
Oct 9, 2026, 16:18:00 UTC
Server deleted
Oct 9, 2026, 16:18:00 UTC
Cost of this run
€0.010 EUR
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